The Long-Term Effects of Adderall Use

This article shares research-backed information about Adderall’s long-term effects so you can make informed decisions about your mental health. Whether you’re currently taking Adderall and are concerned about dependence, or you’re just looking for more information, this guide can help. 

Note: Like any article on mental health, the information here is intended for educational purposes. You should consult a professional for personalized advice.

Potential Long-Term Physical Effects

All medications have the potential for mental or physical effects after long-term use. Understanding the warning signs and knowing what to look for is the best way to ensure your ADHD medication is effective and safe.

Cardiovascular issues

If you have a family history of cardiac health issues or notice any new symptoms like chest pain or palpitations, you should reach out to your doctor immediately.

Sleep problems

It’s possible for Adderall-related sleep issues to be resolved by taking your medication earlier in the day or by having your doctor adjust your dose. For some users though, sleep remains an ongoing issue that leads to increased fatigue, irritability, and difficulty coping with stress.

Weight loss and appetite changes

Weight loss and appetite changes can be even more disruptive if you have comorbid health conditions, are still growing, or already struggle to maintain a healthy weight.

Neurological concerns

Potential Long-Term Mental and Emotional Effects

In addition to long-term physical effects, Adderall can have an impact on mental and emotional well-being.

Mood disorders

Stimulants like Adderall can have a powerful effect on mood. You might notice more frequent irritability, intense mood swings, or bursts of aggression after using Adderall. Some people have anxiety, persistent low mood, or a cycle of symptoms when the medication wears off.

Dependence and addiction

The term dependence is often used interchangeably with addiction, but there’s a critical difference between depending on a drug and becoming addicted. When it comes to prescribed stimulants, medical dependence means your body needs a substance to function normally. This differs from addiction (substance use disorder), which is characterized by a loss of control and problematic or excessive use of a drug.

“A patient’s use of Adderall may become unhealthy if the client starts to use their Adderall beyond the prescribed amount or frequency. These may be the first signs of dependence.”

– Talkspace therapist Svetlana Stuck, PA-C

It’s crucial to be honest with your doctor about how you’re using a drug like Adderall. If you feel like you need increasingly higher doses, use the drug outside of ADHD treatment, or are unable to function without it, talk to your doctor. That’s the first step toward regaining a healthy relationship with any medication.

Cognitive changes

Risks of Misusing Adderall

Even if you take Adderall exactly as your doctor has prescribed it for ADHD treatment, there’s still some risk for misuse. This might include taking a drug without a prescription, taking more than prescribed, taking someone else’s pills, or mixing your medication with alcohol or other substances. Any of these habits can increase the risk of overdose, severe mental health symptoms (such as psychosis or paranoia), or hospitalization.

“Other dangers that may often be overlooked when it comes to misuse may include taking more of the medication than prescribed- whether that is more frequently or just a higher dose, sharing the medication, taking it with other medications. For instance, taking Adderall with benzodiazepines [or] sedatives may increase risks of side effects and dependence. Taking the medication with alcohol may also pose concerns of dependence and side effects.”

– Talkspace therapist Svetlana Stuck, PA-C

When to Seek Professional Help

Knowing that you need help and being willing to ask for it is an incredible sign of strength. Talk to your doctor or a mental health professional if:

• You can’t function without Adderall
• You have become preoccupied with your next dose
• You notice major changes in mood, motivation, or relationships
• You’re concerned about misuse or dependence

Finding Alternative ADHD Medication Options

If hearing about long-term risks of Adderall feels overwhelming, you’re not alone. Although this drug is widely considered safe and effective when used as prescribed, there are real risks that should be monitored throughout your treatment.

“Other strategies to help manage ADHD symptoms may include talk therapy and other lifestyle modifications. These may include optimizing sleep, nutrition, and movement.”

– Talkspace therapist Svetlana Stuck, PA-C

Even if medication has helped you, you might be looking to make a change, and that’s okay. With expert guidance, you can find a treatment plan that minimizes risk and offers the best outcomes based on your specific needs. Talkspace is here to help you. With tools and support, it’s possible to manage ADHD and your mental health effectively and efficiently. Reach out today to learn more about how online psychiatry and therapy from Talkspace can help you build coping skills for ADHD and reduce potential long-term effects of Adderall.  

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